Instrumentets oprindelse og brug knyttes til Skandinavien i 1820'erne. En dansk 'Lieutnant og Skolelærer' Jens Worm Bruun (1781-1836) angives at have opfundet det.[1] En svensk præst og salmedigter Johan Dillner videreudviklede det og bragte det fra omkring 1830 i anvendelse i menigheder der ikke havde råd til orgel. Også i Norge blev det anvendt til indlæring af salmer efter ciffernotation i skole og hjem.[2] Senere i 1800-tallet vandt harmoniet frem som afløser.
„ Hr. J. W. Bruun, Lieutnant og Skolelærer, har udfundet et Instrument, kaldet Psalmodicon, hvis Hensigt er at yde en sikker Veiledning ved Underviisning i Tonestigen, Accorder, Charole, etc.. Det er simpelt, at enhver Snedker kan forfærdige det, og dog kan derpaa udføres Alt, hvad der kan synges, Alt hvad nogetsomhelst Instrument kan frembringe. Man kan lære at spille det i første Time, og i den anden spiller man fra Bladet. Det kan aldrig forstemmes, thi hvordan det end staar, er det dog altid stemt. Det har kun een Streng men derpaa haves alle høilige Toner lige indtil Fugle- og Musepib. Det vil, siger Proffessor Scholl i sin Anbefaling: som et ubekosteligt Børneinstrument vække Gehører og give en ypperlig Forøvelse til videre Fremskridt i Musiken, hvorfor han ønsker Psalmadicon almindelig bekjendt. (Det faaes tilkiøbs i København hos Musikhandler Lohse for 1 Rdr.-Sølv. Her i Aarhuus kan man faae det at se paa Adressekontoiret). “— Aarhus Stiftstidende 1824-05-01
The instrument's origin and use attached to Scandinavia in the 1820s. A Danish 'Lieutnant and school teacher' Jens Worm Bruun (1781-1836) is said to have invented it. [1] A Swedish pastor and hymn writer Johan Dillner further developed it and brought it from around 1830 in use in congregations could not afford organ. Also in Norway, it was used for learning hymns by ciffernotation in school and home. [2] Later in 1800 won the harmonium up as a replacement.
"Sir. JW Bruun, Lieutnant and school teacher, has devised an instrument called Psalmodicon whose purpose is to provide a safe veiledning by the teaching of the Tone ladder Accords, Charole, etc .. It's simple that any Snedker can forfærdige it and however, can then be performed Anything that can be sung, All anything instrument can produce. One can learn to play it in the first hour, and in the second to play from the magazine. It can never be detuned, for no matter how it stands, it is always voted. It has only one string but then held all høilige Toner until Birds and Musepib. It will, says proffessor Scholl in his Recommendation as a ubekosteligt Children Instrument wake Gehører and provide an excellent Forøvelse for further progress in music, why he wants Psalmadicon plain known. (It is acquired tilkiøbs in Copenhagen at Music Handler Lohse for 1 Rdr.-Silver. Here in Aarhuus can get it to look at Adressekontoiret). "- Aarhus Herald-Tribune 1824-05-01
Kirsten Ostenfeld http://dvm.nu/files/musik_forskning/1978/mf1978_03.pdf
Carl Bergman. "Sweden: European Intelligence" Evangelical Christendom. June 1, 1859: 204-205. Google Books
Our Swedish people have in these latter times been, more than formerly, a singing people, and (what is to me more precious) a people who at least sing the Lord's praise. Oscar Ahnfelt has contributed much to this; but an old silver-=haired clergyman, Dillner, near Upsala, had also formerly done much. He has invented a simple musical instrument, with a single string, called the [205] Psalmodicon, and which is played with a fiddlestick, like a violin. Instead of musical notes, he uses only the ciphers, 1, 2, 3, &c. On this instrument, which is used throughout the country, the farm-servant and maid-servant can play any melody they choose, and thus spiritual songs come rapidly into use. It is astonishing that an instrument so simple can have produced so general and astonishing a result. May we not in this trace the Lord's hand, who in these days is pouring out hisHis blessing on the Lands of the North?
Lars Roverud: Musiker og pedagog. Norsk biografisk leksikon https://nbl.snl.no/Lars_Roverud
Da Ole Andreas Lindemans koralbok ble autorisert til bruk i kirkene 1835, fikk Roverud offentlig støtte til å reise rundt i landet og utbre de nye melodiformene i landets skoler og kirker. Som pedagogisk hjelpemiddel benyttet han psalmodikon, et enstrenget instrument som kunne spilles etter et siffersystem. Instrumentet var lansert av J. W. Brun i København 1823, men ble etter hvert tatt i bruk i alle de nordiske land. Roverud forbedret den danske modellen og utviklet en egen siffernoteskrift. Instrumentet var så enkelt i konstruksjonen at det kunne lages av enhver snekkerkyndig. Psalmodikonet, som fantes i flere stemmeleier (sopran, alt, tenor, bass), ble i løpet av 1830-årene det viktigste sangpedagogiske hjelpemiddelet i skole, kirke og hjem. Roverud sørget selv for å utgi samlinger med sanger og salmer som kunne spilles på instrumentet i en siffernotasjon som gjorde notekunnskap overflødig. 1835–37 og 1841–47 fikk han bevilgninger til kursvirksomhet for skoleungdom, skolelærere, kirkesangere og organister. Undervisningsreisene strakte seg fra Kristiansand i sør til Tromsø i nord.When Ole Andreas Lindeman's chorale book was authorized for use in churches in 1835, got Roverud public support to travel around the country and propagate the new melody forms in the country's schools and churches. As educational aid he psalmodikon, a stringed instrument that could be played by a cipher system. The instrument was launched by J. W. Brown in Copenhagen in 1823, but was eventually adopted in all the Nordic countries. Roverud improved the Danish model and developed its own digits notation. The instrument was so simple in structure that it could be made of any carpenter. Psalmodikonet, which existed in several voting rents (soprano, alto, tenor, bass), was during the 1830s the most important song teaching aid in schools, churches and homes. Roverud even made sure to publish collections of songs and hymns that could be played on the instrument in a numeric notation did note knowledge superfluous. 1835-1837 and 1841-1847 he received funding for training programs for schoolchildren, schoolteachers, church singers and organists. Teaching trips stretching from Kristiansand in the south to Tromsø in the north.
Hildur Heimisdóttir, Langspil and Icelandic Fiðla: (Aarhus, 2012) http://www.musik.is/Paelingin/Langspil_and_Icelandic_Fidla.pdf
invented by J.W. Bruun in Copenhagen 1823
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